Assessing psychopathic traits with the MMPI-3: Findings from correctional, university, and community samples.

OBJECTIVE: The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) instruments have a long history with respect to the assessment of psychopathic personality traits. The most recent version, the MMPI-3, should be in a good position to continue this tradition, and the aim of the current research was to evaluate its scales for this purpose. We examined, on the basis of previous research, how well conceptually relevant MMPI-3 scales mapped onto dominant contemporary psychopathy models: the traditional three-factor model and triarchic psychopathy model. HYPOTHESES: We hypothesized that MMPI-3 markers of internalizing would be negatively correlated with boldness, whereas broad and specific markers of externalizing proclivities would be associated with disinhibition and antisociality. We also hypothesized that egocentricity and callousness would be associated with MMPI-3 scales measuring various features of externalizing, interpersonal aggression/antagonism, and grandiosity. METHOD: We used archival samples of male prison inmates (n = 452), community members with externalizing proclivities (n = 205), and university students (n = 645). These participants completed the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. RESULTS: Zero-order correlation analyses indicated support for many of our hypotheses across samples, with notable exceptions. Regression and dominance analyses yielded information about the most potent MMPI-3 predictors of each psychopathy domain, with consistency across the three samples. Boldness was associated with low scores on Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction, Low Positive Emotions, Shyness, and Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism and high scores on Self-Importance and Dominance. For meanness and disinhibition, we found substantial overlap with MMPI-3 scales (e.g., Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction, Antisocial Behavior). Meanness was indicated by high Aggression, Cynicism, Aggressiveness, and Disaffiliativeness; disinhibition/antisociality was primarily marked by high Antisocial Behavior, Hypomanic Activation, Impulsivity, and Disconstraint; and Anger Proneness, Aggression, and Cynicism were secondary indicators. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide support for using the MMPI-3 in clinical assessments to corroborate other sources of information regarding psychopathy as well as generate hypotheses for further consideration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Six-year postoperative associations between the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - 3 (MMPI-3) and weight recurrence, eating behaviors, adherence, alcohol misuse, and quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) leads to beneficial and sustained outcomes. However, many patients evidence weight recurrence and psychosocial functioning may be associated with weight recurrence. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - 3 (MMPI-3) is validated for use in presurgical MBS evaluations and likely has clinical utility in understanding weight recurrence and other aspects of postoperative functioning. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current investigation is to understand how postoperative psychosocial functioning relates to weight recurrence and other behaviors and constructs 6 years after MBS. SETTING: Cleveland Clinic Bariatric and Metabolic Institute. METHODS: A sample of 163 participants consented to take a battery of self-report measures related to psychological functioning, eating behaviors, adherence, alcohol misuse, and quality of life along with their postoperative weight. MMPI-3 scale scores were prorated from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - 2 - Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) or scored from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - 2 - Restructured Form - Expanded (MMPI-2-RF-EX). RESULTS: Weight recurrence was quite variable in this sample. Postoperative MMPI-3 scales related to emotional/internalizing dysfunction were modestly associated with higher weight recurrence. Postoperative MMPI-3 scale scores also demonstrated associations with other postoperative outcomes including measures of eating behaviors, adherence, alcohol misuse, and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative psychosocial functioning as assessed by the MMPI-3 was associated with weight recurrence and a number of other problematic psychological outcomes beyond weight recurrence.

Differences in presurgical MMPI-3 scores across trajectories of recovery from spine surgery.

Approximately 30% of patients who undergo spinal surgery for chronic back pain continue to experience significant pain and disability up to 2 months following surgery. Prior studies have identified mental health variables including depression and anxiety as predictors of poorer postsurgical outcomes using screening instruments, but no studies have examined long-term outcomes using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3), a commonly used tool used in presurgical psychological evaluations (PPE). Using group-based trajectory modeling and a sample of 404 spine surgery evaluees, the present study examined the trajectories of changes in disability scores from presurgery through 3, 12, and 24 months postsurgery. We then compared scores on MMPI-3 scales between trajectory groups. We identified three trajectory groups of change in disability over time: a rapid-remitting group (8%), characterized by moderate presurgical disability that rapidly and substantially remitted by 12 and 24 months; a steady-recovering group (68%), characterized by moderate presurgical disability, slower change over time, and mild levels of disability at the 2-year time point; and a persisting disability group (24%), characterized by severe presurgical disability that continued into long-term follow-ups. Participants in the persisting pain group produced higher presurgical scores on somatic/cognitive and internalizing MMPI-3 scales than participants in the rapid-remitting and steady-recovering groups. Our results support the clinical utility of the MMPI-3 in PPEs and highlight the importance of evaluating somatic/cognitive concerns and internalizing dysfunction to identify patients who are likely to have poorer postsurgical outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Comparing the Validity of MMPI-3 Scores in Prehire Psychological Screenings of Male and Female Police Officer Candidates.

Psychological testing is an important component of the screening process for public safety officers. The use of standardized measures is intended to increase the objectivity of preemployment evaluations, highlighting the importance of examining tests used in these assessments for evidence of differential validity. Differential validity is indicated when a screening measure is unequally associated with, or systematically over- or under-predicts, a criterion across demographic groups. In the current study, we examined for differential validity in Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) scores in a sample of 527 police officer candidates (455 males, 72 females). We first calculated correlations between MMPI-3 scores and job-relevant historical variables. Next, for variable pairings that yielded at least a small effect size, regression models were estimated in a multi-group framework comparing associations between MMPI-3 scores and the historical variables across men and women. The analyses yielded statistical evidence of negligible differential validity across gender in police officer screenings. Implications of these findings and limitations of this study are discussed.

Investigating the Validity of the MMPI-3 Eating Concerns (EAT) scale across Men and Women in a University Sample.

Disordered eating is a major health epidemic that occurs at disproportionate rates among young adults and for which gender plays a major role in symptom presentation. Broadband psychological instruments have historically not included disordered eating as a core scale construct. The recent release of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) offers an opportunity to address this shortcoming through the newly developed Eating Concerns Scale (EAT) for which the existing literature is promising but limited. This study expands research on EAT by investigating its validity and comparing findings across gender. In 345 college students (102 men, 243 women), we examined gender differences between men and women in the EAT scale's structure, item endorsement rates, mean scores, and correlations with measures of body image and eating pathology. Differences emerged in item endorsement rate, scale score elevation rate, and correlation magnitudes. Broadly, findings further support EAT's use in detecting eating pathology and highlight ways in which the EAT scale may not effectively capture masculine expressions of eating pathology, namely binging and purging behaviors. To assess eating pathology more comprehensively, clinicians and researchers should consider including assessments of eating pathology inclusive of masculine eating patterns. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

Psychometric Properties of the MMPI-3 in a Sample of Black and White American Undergraduate Students: Examining Group Differences and Convergent/Discriminant Validity with the ASEBA Adult Self-Report.

The current study examined MMPI-3 internal and external psychometric properties with a focus on the impact of racialized group membership (Black and White Americans). The second aim was to examine convergent/discriminant MMPI-3 scale associations with a different broadband, hierarchical self-report assessment tool [Adult Self-Report (ASR)]. Consistent with findings on prior MMPI iterations, we expected to observe no clinically meaningful mean differences on MMPI-3 scale T-scores. We hypothesized that validity coefficients between MMPI-3 and ASR scales measuring similar constructs would be stronger (convergent validity) and the inverse for scales measuring disparate constructs (discriminant validity). We also expected coefficient magnitude consistency across racial groups. The final sample was composed of 254 undergraduates (74.4% female; 63.8% White, 36.2% Black). Results suggest 1) MMPI-3 substantive scale mean T-scores are comparable between White and Black American undergraduates; 2) MMPI-3 scales correlate with ASR scale scores in expected ways with regard to internalizing problems, rule breaking and impulsivity, thought problems, and substance use (but not overall externalizing, aggression, attention problems, and intrusiveness); and 3) convergent and discriminant associations between MMPI-3 and ASR scales are consistent across White and Black Americans. This work provides support for MMPI-3 use with racially diverse individuals, considers next steps for understanding MMPI-3 scale score functioning in diverse populations, and provides novel information on MMPI-3 correspondence with the ASR.

MMPI-2-RF validity scales add utility for predicting treatment engagement during partial psychiatric hospitalizations.

Partial psychiatric hospitalizations are resource-intensive clinical services designed to stabilize patients in the short term, prevent inpatient hospitalizations, and encourage long-term recovery. Typically, providers base their referral decisions on categorical diagnoses and subjective impressions of patient distress without closely considering the evidence for reporting biases. The present study followed veterans (n = 430) participating in partial psychiatric hospitalization services. We evaluated the extent to which clinical diagnoses at intake predicted treatment variables and changes in later mental health care utilization. Using hierarchical linear regressions with bootstrap confidence intervals, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form content-based validity scales demonstrated incremental utility for predicting patient outcomes beyond intake diagnoses. Elevated Fp-r ("Infrequent Psychopathology Responses") scores independently predicted an increased number of times arriving late for partial hospitalization programming, self-report of worse current functioning at intake, and a relative increase in mental health care encounters in the 12 months following discharge. Low K-r ("Adjustment Validity") scores independently predicted self-report of worse current functioning at both intake and later discharge from partial hospitalization. Thus, indicators of severe psychopathology overreporting as well as the unlikely disavowal of emotional adjustment (i.e., high Fp-r, low K-r) predicted engagement with health care services and self-presentations of symptoms over and above the diagnostic impressions from referring providers. We discuss how indicators of content-based invalid responding on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form have real-world value for understanding patient behavior and shaping clinical interventions among vulnerable populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The role of obesity severity in Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2-restructured form prediction of 12-month bariatric surgery outcomes.

BACKGROUND: The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) has been widely used in bariatric surgery samples. However, questions remain regarding its utility when predicting changes in body mass index over time following bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVES: Examine whether MMPI-2-RF scales differentially predict 12-month changes in body mass index (BMI) following bariatric surgery when comparing patients with Class III or higher versus Class II or lower obesity. SETTING: Military hospital in the Northwestern United States. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated data from 193 bariatric surgery patients who completed the MMPI-2-RF as part of presurgical evaluation requirements. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to predict body mass index over a 12-month postsurgical period based on MMPI-2-RF scales. Loss to follow-up rate was 30% during this period. RESULTS: Among patients with Class II or lower obesity, the Symptom Validity, Adjustment Validity, Response Bias, Cynicism, Aggression, Stress/Worry, and Anger Proneness scales showed a significant relationship to BMI after bariatric surgery. Among patients with Class III or higher obesity, the Infrequent Psychopathology Responses, Emotional / Internalizing Dysfunction, Ideas of Persecution, Multiple Specific Fears, and Inefficacy scales showed a significant relationship to body mass index after bariatric surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Certain MMPI-2-RF scales may have better utility in predicting bariatric surgery outcomes based on the patient's obesity severity. The interaction of metabolic and personality factors may play a significant role in weight change following bariatric surgery.

Exploring the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-3 in a transgender and gender diverse sample.

Comparisons of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals' mental health functioning with that of cisgender individuals rely almost exclusively on screening measures. The limited research with TGD individuals and omnibus assessment measures has primarily used previous iterations of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories (MMPIs). This study sought to examine the psychometric functioning of the MMPI-3 with a TGD community sample (n = 97) and compare mean scores across TGD and cisgender subsamples. We expected MMPI-3 substantive scale reliability to be comparable across all samples and subsamples. Individual MMPI-3 scales were expected to demonstrate appropriate convergent and discriminant validity with relevant criterion measures in the TGD sample. Results generally supported MMPI-3 scale score reliability and validity with TGD individuals. Next, three sets of mean score comparisons were conducted across all MMPI-3 substantive scales: (a) TGD individuals not currently in mental health treatment and the MMPI-3 normative sample, (b) TGD individuals not currently in mental health treatment and TGD individuals currently in mental health treatment, and (c) TGD individuals currently in mental health treatment and an outpatient mental health sample. Fewer differences were found between TGD individuals in our sample who were not currently in mental health treatment and the MMPI-3 normative sample compared to previous work. This initial study indicates that MMPI-3 scales largely have appropriate psychometric properties when administered to a TGD sample and that the test may be helpful in identifying mental health needs of TGD individuals. Needs and directions for further research are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Comparability of MMPI-3 scores from remote and in-person administrations and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MMPI-3 scores.

The COVID-19 pandemic onset necessitated remote administration of psychological instruments, including the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3). Although previous evidence has demonstrated that MMPI scale scores are robust across administration modalities, the specific effects of remote administration on the psychometric properties of MMPI-3 scale scores must be investigated. Distinguishing psychometric differences due to administration modality from substantive changes in psychological symptoms due to the COVID-19 pandemic is also important. Thus, goals of the present study include evaluating the psychometric comparability of MMPI-3 scores derived from in-person and remote administration modalities and examining substantive scale scores changes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a large sample of college students (n = 2,503), rates of protocol invalidity, mean scale scores, reliability, and criterion validity were compared across participants completing the MMPI-3 in-person (both prior to and after the onset of COVID-19) and via remote administration. Results demonstrate comparably low rates of protocol invalidity, negligible differences in reliability, and similar patterns of criterion validity for MMPI-3 scale scores across administration modalities. Results also indicate that mean MMPI-3 scale scores pre- and post-COVID-19 onset substantially differ on select scales, but that scores on remote and in-person protocols administered post-COVID-19 have negligible differences. Remote MMPI-3 scale scores also demonstrated expected patterns of correlations with external criteria, supporting the validity of remote scores. Overall, the present study demonstrates that MMPI-3 protocols administered remotely and in-person are extremely psychometrically similar, although scores have generally increased post-COVID-19 onset for reasons independent of administration modality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Contrasting MMPI-3 validity scale effectiveness differences across in-person and telehealth administration procedures.

Psychological assessment underwent substantive challenges and changes when the COVID-19 pandemic began, and these changes are likely to endure given the rapid growth of telehealth clinical practice and assessment research using virtual procedures. COVID-19-related changes to assessment practices have impacted accordingly how we study overreporting scale functioning, including the modality through which we administer measures. No available research provides direct comparisons of overreporting scale effectiveness within simulation research across in-person and telehealth modalities, despite early support for novel instruments relying on remote procedures within the historic context of the pandemic. We used simulated feigning conditions collected using best telehealth practices to examine if, and how, overreporting scales differed in effectiveness by evaluating mean scores, elevation rates, and classification accuracy statistics, relative to parallel in-person conditions. Results indicate no meaningful differences in scale effectiveness, particularly when exclusion procedures included a posttest questionnaire. Our findings support telehealth assessment practice and the integration of research collected virtually into the traditional, in-person feigning literature. Limitations and future directions are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Convergence and Divergence of Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form

In clinical and empirical literature, there are many different conceptualizations of the construct of narcissism, but most will agree that narcissism includes at least two broad dimensions: grandiosity and vulnerability. The aim of this study was to corroborate both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism constructs by extending the nomologic net of both dimensions. We therefore investigated the convergences and divergences of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI) dimensions with the Personality Psychopathology Five-revised (PSY-5-r) trait domains and other Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) scales in a community sample (N= 251). Results showed that there is clear and conceptually logical convergence between the PNI scales and MMPI-2-RF PSY-5-r trait domains and other MMPI-2-RF scales. Also, the narcissism factors diverge like expected in terms of associations with MMPI-2-RF scales capturing internalizing aspects. Internalizing MMPI-2-RF scales showed positive relations with vulnerability and negative relations with grandiosity. Moreover, grandiosity did relate positively MMPI-2-RF externalizing scales (AU)

The ecological validity of the IOP-29: A follow-up study using the MMPI-2-RF and the SIMS as criterion variables.

Current guidelines for conducting symptom validity assessments require that professionals administer multiple symptom validity tests (SVTs) and that the SVTs selected for their evaluations provide nonredundant information. However, not many SVTs are currently available, and most of them rely on the same, (in)frequency-based, feigning detection strategy. In this context, the Inventory of Problems (IOP-29) could be a valuable addition to the assessor's toolbox because of its brevity (29 items) and its different approach to assessing the credibility of presented symptoms. As its ecological validity has been poorly investigated, the present study used a criterion groups design to examine the classification accuracy of the IOP-29 in a data set of 174 court-ordered psychological evaluations focused on psychological injury. The validity scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form and the total score of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptoms were used as criterion variables. Overall, the results of this study confirm that the IOP-29 is an effective measure (1.70 ≤ d ≤ 2.67) that provides valuable information when added to the multimethod assessment of symptom validity in civil forensic contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Assessing posttraumatic stress disorder symptom clusters with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 in a forensic disability sample.

OBJECTIVE: Previous evidence indicates that scales from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) family of instruments can measure self-reported posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomology and differentiate symptom clusters, including in forensic disability assessments. However, limited research has examined assessment of PTSD symptoms with the MMPI-3, the most recent MMPI instrument. The goal of the current study was to identify the strongest MMPI-3 scale predictors of individual PTSD symptom clusters, measured via self-report. METHODS: Using a sample of 716 disability claimants (54.2% men; Mage = 42.98, SD = 10.87; 81.8% White), correlation, regression, and dominance analyses were performed to examine associations between scores on MMPI-3 scales and latent PTSD symptom cluster factors derived using confirmatory factor analyses from items of the Detailed Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress (DAPS), and to identify the strongest predictor of each symptom cluster when MMPI-3 scales were concurrently considered. RESULTS: Results indicate that conceptually expected MMPI-3 scale scores were meaningfully associated with PTSD symptom cluster factors, with the MMPI-3 Anxiety-Related Experiences (ARX) scale demonstrating the strongest and most consistent associations across symptom clusters. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the current study largely converge with previous empirical studies of self-reported PTSD symptoms in disability claimant settings with the MMPI instruments. Interpretive implications for the MMPI-3, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form Profiles Among Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Examining the Effect of Comorbid Psychopathology and ADHD Presentation.

OBJECTIVE: Despite widespread use of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), it is surprisingly understudied among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This is significant as ADHD is a frequent referral for neuropsychological evaluation; however, the core symptom of attention difficulty is a nonspecific sequela of many psychological disorders. This study aimed to characterize MMPI-2-RF profiles among adults with ADHD and examine the effect of comorbid psychopathology. METHOD: A large, demographically diverse sample of 413 consecutive adults referred for neuropsychological evaluation to assist with differential diagnosis of ADHD who completed the MMPI-2-RF was examined. Profiles of the 145 patients diagnosed with ADHD-only were compared to 192 with ADHD and a comorbid psychological disorder and a 55-patient non-ADHD psychiatric comparison group. Among the ADHD-only group, profiles also were compared based on ADHD-presentation type (Predominantly Inattentive vs. Combined presentation). RESULTS: The ADHD/psychopathology and psychiatric comparison groups scored higher than the ADHD-only group across nearly all scales with widespread clinical elevations. Conversely, the ADHD-only group displayed an isolated elevation on the Cognitive Complaints scale. Comparison between ADHD presentations revealed several small-moderate significant differences, the largest of which occurred on the Externalizing and Interpersonal scales. CONCLUSIONS: Adults with ADHD alone, and no other psychopathology have a unique MMPI-2-RF profile characterized by isolated elevation on the Cognitive Complaints scale. These results support use of the MMPI-2-RF in assessment of adults with ADHD as it can help distinguish ADHD alone from ADHD/comorbid psychopathology and identify relevant psychiatric comorbidities that may be contributing to patients' inattention complaints.

The use of MMPI-3 scales to assess personality-based vulnerabilities for alcohol use and problems.

Impulsivity and excitement seeking are distinctly associated with alcohol use and related problems in emerging adulthood. Specifically, impulsivity is associated with alcohol problems, while excitement seeking is associated with quantity and frequency of alcohol use (Finn, 2002; Gunn et al., 2013). Given how critical these traits are to alcohol use disorder, such that they play central roles in prominent theories such as Finn's (2002) cognitive motivational theory (CMT), we examined how impulsivity, excitement seeking, and related constructs were captured by an instrument used in clinical practice, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2020a, 2020b). In a sample of 401 college students, we investigated MMPI-3 scales representing the CMT constructs-impulsivity/novelty seeking, excitement seeking, and low harm avoidance-by examining correlations between MMPI-3 Specific Problem scales and theoretically relevant criterion measures. Then, we used these scales to predict alcohol-related outcomes. Impulsivity (IMP), Social Avoidance (SAV), and Anxiety-Related Experiences (ARX) scales captured the core CMT constructs that are said to reflect personality-based vulnerabilities to alcohol-related problems. Further, Impulsivity and Social Avoidance scales incremented the Substance Abuse (SUB) scale in predicting risky drinking outcomes (alcohol problems and quantity and frequency of use). Overall, results support the use of select MMPI-3 scales in providing a nuanced assessment of personality-based vulnerabilities in college-aged drinkers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Perfil de personalidad en el trastorno del espectro autista mediante el Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota / Personality profiles in autism spectrum disorder obtained with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Desde la publicación de DSM-5, se ha vuelto más importante llevar a cabo un diagnóstico diferencial para distinguir a las personas con TEA de los trastornos de personalidad del grupo C. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar un perfil de personalidad de sujetos con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) utilizando el Inventario de Personalidad Multifásico de Minnesota (MMPI) para llevar a cabo dicho diagnóstico diferencial. La muestra del estudio consistió en un total de 178 sujetos divididos en cuatro grupos de comparación. El grupo TEA obtuvo un perfil de personalidad MMPI con un código característico 2-0 que era específico para esta muestra de personas con TEA leve, y puntuaciones más altas en las escalas 6, 7 y 8 en relación con las otras puntuaciones de la escala. Se identificó un perfil de personalidad MMPI específico para los sujetos con TEA que diferenció a este grupo de los otros grupos estudiados. (AU)

Since the publication of DSM-5, it has become more important to carry out a differential diagnosis to distinguish people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from cluster C personality disorders. The aim of the present research study was to identify a personality profile of adults with ASD using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in order to carry out this differential diagnosis. The study sample consisted of a total of 178 subjects divided into four groups for comparison purposes. The ASD group obtained a MMPI personality profile with a characteristic 2-0 code that was specific to this sample of people with mild ASD, and higher scores in scales 6, 7 and 8 relative to the other scale scores. A specific MMPI personality profile was identified for ASD subjects, which differentiated this group from the other groups studied. (AU)

A pilot randomized clinical trial of biomedical link with mental health in art therapy intervention programs for alcohol use disorder: Changes in NK cells, addiction biomarkers, electroencephalography, and MMPI-2 profiles.

OBJECTIVE: Alcohol intake is a major risk factor for various diseases. Elucidating alcohol use disorder (AUD) is important in preventing diseases and promoting health. We aimed to investigate the effect of art therapy on emotional (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 [MMPI-2]) and physical (natural killer [NK] cell count, expression of stress-associated proteins [SAP], and electroencephalography) changes in patients with AUD. METHODS: Participants were randomly divided into two groups (n = 35), with the experimental group undergoing art therapy involving weekly 60-min group therapy sessions for 10 weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using Ranked ANCOVA and Wilcoxon's signed rank test. Western blotting was performed to analyze serum SAP levels. RESULTS: We observed an association between psychological mechanisms and stress proteins. There was an increased number of NK cells in the experimental group after the program. Moreover, compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significant changes in SAP expression. Further, the experimental group showed a positive change in the MMPI-2 profile, as well as a decrease in depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and alcohol dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous psychological support could be applied as a stress-control program for preventing stress recurrence and post-discharge relapse. Our findings strengthen the link between biomedical science and mental health in rehabilitation treatment for AUD.

Further mapping of the MMPI-3 onto HiTOP in a primary medical care and a college student sample.

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP; Kotov et al., 2017, 2021) is offered as a dimensional alternative to traditional categorical diagnostic nosologies such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD). HiTOP researchers have recently published an open-source assessment system for clinical implementation, the HiTOP Digital Assessment and Tracker (Jonas et al., 2021). Here, we argue that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3; Ben-Porath & Tellegen 2020a), given its structural similarities to HiTOP, can augment these efforts to shift the diagnostic paradigm, with the additional strength of being comprehensively validated, standardized, and normed. Sellbom et al. (2021) examined the factor structure of the MMPI-3 Specific Problems Scales (plus RC6 and RC8), finding a pattern of latent factors much like those proposed by HiTOP in both a general mental health sample and a prisoner sample. The present study is a partial replication of Sellbom et al. (2021) with a primary medical care outpatient sample (n = 164) and a college student sample (n = 529). A sequential factoring approach yielded emergent structures that are comparable to the HiTOP model. These findings with different and important samples support the generalizability of the MMPI-3 in assessing HiTOP constructs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Prediction of the prognosis of somatoform disorders using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

BACKGROUND: Somatoform disorders are frequently resistant to treatment. This study aimed to determine the utility of the Minnesota Multifaceted Personality Inventory (MMPI) in predicting the prognosis of somatoform disorders. METHODS: Overall, 125 patients diagnosed with somatoform disorders between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017 in the psychiatric department of Fukushima Medical University Hospital were included. Patients with positive outcomes were identified based on a subjective estimation regarding (1) pain and (2) social functions, including activities of daily living. They were divided into the improved group (IG) and the non-improved group (NIG). Each factor was then descriptively compared between the two groups, and the sensitivity and specificity were determined. RESULTS: The NIG had significantly higher scores but only on the Hy scale. Thus, the optimal Hy scale cutoff score was calculated. The cutoff point was 73.5, with a sensitivity of 55.7% and a specificity of 71.7%. CONCLUSION: An MMPI Hy scale score higher than a cutoff value of 73.5 predicts a poor response to conventional supportive psychotherapy or drug therapy in patients with somatoform disorders. This cutoff point may be used as an important index for selecting treatment for somatoform disorders.